Split Array into Fibonacci Sequence — LeetCode 842 Python Solution

MediumStringBacktracking
Problem
#842
Reading time
4 min

The problem

You are given a string of digits num, such as "123456579". We can split it into a Fibonacci-like sequence [123, 456, 579].

Example

Input
num = "1101111"
Output
[11,0,11,11]
Explanation
The output [110, 1, 111] would also be accepted.

Python solution

Python
class Solution:
    def splitIntoFibonacci(self, num: str) -> List[int]:
        def dfs(i):
            if i == n:
                return len(ans) > 2
            x = 0
            for j in range(i, n):
                if j > i and num[i] == '0':
                    break
                x = x * 10 + int(num[j])
                if x > 2**31 - 1 or (len(ans) > 2 and x > ans[-2] + ans[-1]):
                    break
                if len(ans) < 2 or ans[-2] + ans[-1] == x:
                    ans.append(x)
                    if dfs(j + 1):
                        return True
                    ans.pop()
            return False

        n = len(num)
        ans = []
        dfs(0)
        return ans

Complexity

MeasureComplexity
TimeExponential (worst case)
SpaceO(depth) auxiliary

Pattern: Backtracking

Build candidates one choice at a time and abandon a branch the moment it cannot work. LeetCode 842. Split Array into Fibonacci Sequence is filed here on both counts: the reference solution below belongs to the algorithm family this hub collects, and LeetCode tags it Backtracking.

The backtracking guide has the Python template for the pattern and the 105 LeetCode problems that use it.

Related problems

Frequently asked questions

How hard is LeetCode 842. Split Array into Fibonacci Sequence?
LeetCode 842. Split Array into Fibonacci Sequence is rated Medium on LeetCode.
What topics does LeetCode 842. Split Array into Fibonacci Sequence cover?
LeetCode 842. Split Array into Fibonacci Sequence is tagged String and Backtracking on LeetCode.

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