Convert BST to Greater Tree — LeetCode 538 Python Solution

The problem

Given the root of a Binary Search Tree (BST), convert it to a Greater Tree such that every key of the original BST is changed to the original key plus the sum of all keys greater than the original key in BST. As a reminder, a binary search tree is a tree that satisfies these constraints: The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.

Example

Input

root = [4,1,6,0,2,5,7,null,null,null,3,null,null,null,8]

Output

[30,36,21,36,35,26,15,null,null,null,33,null,null,null,8]

Python solution

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def convertBST(self, root: TreeNode) -> TreeNode:
        def dfs(root):
            nonlocal s
            if root is None:
                return
            dfs(root.right)
            s += root.val
            root.val = s
            dfs(root.left)

        s = 0
        dfs(root)
        return root

Complexity

Pattern: Tree Traversal

Choose the order — preorder, inorder, postorder, level — and the problem solves itself. LeetCode 538. Convert BST to Greater Tree is filed here because LeetCode tags it Tree, Binary Tree and Binary Search Tree, which is the vocabulary this hub collects.

The tree traversal guide has the Python template for the pattern and the 225 LeetCode problems that use it.

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