Beautiful Arrangement — LeetCode 526 Python Solution

The problem

Suppose you have n integers labeled 1 through n. A permutation of those n integers perm (1-indexed) is considered a beautiful arrangement if for every i (1 <= i <= n), either of the following is true: perm[i] is divisible by i.

Example

Input

n = 2

Output

2

Explanation

The first beautiful arrangement is [1,2]:

Python solution

class Solution:
    def countArrangement(self, n: int) -> int:
        def dfs(i):
            nonlocal ans, n
            if i == n + 1:
                ans += 1
                return
            for j in match[i]:
                if not vis[j]:
                    vis[j] = True
                    dfs(i + 1)
                    vis[j] = False

        ans = 0
        vis = [False] * (n + 1)
        match = defaultdict(list)
        for i in range(1, n + 1):
            for j in range(1, n + 1):
                if j % i == 0 or i % j == 0:
                    match[i].append(j)

        dfs(1)
        return ans

Complexity

Pattern: Backtracking

Build candidates one choice at a time and abandon a branch the moment it cannot work. LeetCode 526. Beautiful Arrangement is filed here because LeetCode tags it Backtracking, which is the vocabulary this hub collects.

The backtracking guide has the Python template for the pattern and the 105 LeetCode problems that use it.

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