Construct Quad Tree — LeetCode 427 Python Solution

MediumTreeArrayDivide and ConquerMatrix
Problem
#427
Reading time
6 min

The problem

Given a n * n matrix grid of 0's and 1's only. We want to represent grid with a Quad-Tree.

Example

class Node {
    public boolean val;
    public boolean isLeaf;
    public Node topLeft;
    public Node topRight;
    public Node bottomLeft;
    public Node bottomRight;
}

Python solution

Python
"""
# Definition for a QuadTree node.
class Node:
    def __init__(self, val, isLeaf, topLeft, topRight, bottomLeft, bottomRight):
        self.val = val
        self.isLeaf = isLeaf
        self.topLeft = topLeft
        self.topRight = topRight
        self.bottomLeft = bottomLeft
        self.bottomRight = bottomRight
"""


class Solution:
    def construct(self, grid: List[List[int]]) -> 'Node':
        def dfs(a, b, c, d):
            zero = one = 0
            for i in range(a, c + 1):
                for j in range(b, d + 1):
                    if grid[i][j] == 0:
                        zero = 1
                    else:
                        one = 1
            isLeaf = zero + one == 1
            val = isLeaf and one
            if isLeaf:
                return Node(grid[a][b], True)
            topLeft = dfs(a, b, (a + c) // 2, (b + d) // 2)
            topRight = dfs(a, (b + d) // 2 + 1, (a + c) // 2, d)
            bottomLeft = dfs((a + c) // 2 + 1, b, c, (b + d) // 2)
            bottomRight = dfs((a + c) // 2 + 1, (b + d) // 2 + 1, c, d)
            return Node(val, isLeaf, topLeft, topRight, bottomLeft, bottomRight)

        return dfs(0, 0, len(grid) - 1, len(grid[0]) - 1)

Complexity

MeasureComplexity
TimeO(n)
SpaceO(h) auxiliary

Pattern: Matrix and Grid

Treat a 2-D grid as a graph whose neighbours are the four adjacent cells. LeetCode 427. Construct Quad Tree is filed here because LeetCode tags it Matrix, which is the vocabulary this hub collects.

The matrix and grid guide has the Python template for the pattern and the 216 LeetCode problems that use it.

Related problems

On a study list

This problem is on Top Interview 150.

Frequently asked questions

How hard is LeetCode 427. Construct Quad Tree?
LeetCode 427. Construct Quad Tree is rated Medium on LeetCode.
What is the time complexity of LeetCode 427. Construct Quad Tree?
The Python solution on this page runs in O(n).
What is the space complexity of LeetCode 427. Construct Quad Tree?
The Python solution on this page uses O(h) auxiliary space.
What topics does LeetCode 427. Construct Quad Tree cover?
LeetCode 427. Construct Quad Tree is tagged Tree, Array, Divide and Conquer and Matrix on LeetCode.

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